目标：通过体外实验，评价各种正畸可摘保持器的清洁方法对染色的清洁效果以及对表面粗糙度的影响。为正畸结束后佩戴保持器的患者选择合理的清洁方法、预防牙周疾患等提供参考。

方法：将试件按组别采用不同的方法进行处理，分别用以下方法每日进行清洁1次：(1)机械法：将5 g高露洁牙膏和15 mL蒸馏水混合成混合液，牙刷蘸取混合液，刷毛垂直于试样表面，聚乙烯酞酸组刷洗组织面，水平颤动，刷洗频率2次/s，刷洗20s，使用牙刷的尾巴监测记录；(2)化学法：浸泡于碱性氧化物性质的清洁剂(保丽净清洁片)中约5min；（3）超声法：将试件放入超声清洗机清洗30s；（4）仅采用(1)和(2)两种方法的复合；(5)超声和机械方法的复合使用；(6)超声和化学方法的复合使用；(7)首先采用超声进行清洗，然后采用(1)和(2)两种方法的复合；8)仅用清水冲洗，作为对照组。以上七种方法连续清洁30天。每日清洁完毕后放入蒸馏水中浸泡。采用不同清洁方法作用于经过抛光和染色处理的正畸保持器试件，比较清洁前后试件的表面粗糙度值、表面结构和shade值，得出较理想的清洁正畸可摘保持器的方法。

结果：表面粗糙度值与对照组Ra=[(0.0187±0.0058) μm]相比，其他组[Ra分别为0.0837±0.0145，0.0347±0.0252，0.0412±0.0152，0.0457±0.0252，0.0554±0.0132，0.0512±0.0212，0.0263±0.0130，0.0187±0.0058]的粗糙度值明显增高，其中第5组的Ra值增高较为显著，说明使用超声和机械方法的复合使用的清洁方式对可摘保持器的磨损较大。色素的去除效果:各实验组与对照组(8)相比，shade值差值皆有显著性统计学意义；组7与其他组相比，色素的去除效果具有显著统计学意义。

结论：不同的清洁方法对保持器的清洁效果有明显差别。 超声清洗后再采用机械及化学复合的方法效果优于其他清洁方法。

关键词：清洁方式；正畸保持器；粗糙度；去染色效果

Goal: the effect of various cleaning methods on dyeing and surface roughness of removable retainers was evaluated by in vitro experiments. It provides reference for selecting reasonable cleaning methods and preventing periodontal diseases for patients wearing retainer after orthodontics.

Methods: specimens according to the group will adopt different methods for processing, respectively, with the following methods to clean daily 1: (1) mechanical method: mix 5 g Colgate toothpaste and 15 mL distilled water into the mixture, toothbrush dipped in mixture, the bristles perpendicular to the surface of specimen, polyethylene phthalic acid group scrub organizations face, horizontal vibration, scrub frequency 2 times/s, scrubbing of 20 s, use a toothbrush tail monitoring records; (2) chemical method: soak in alkaline oxide properties of cleaner (pooly net clean sheet) in about 5 min. (3) ultrasonic method: 30 s specimens in the ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean; (4) with (1) and (2) only two kinds of methods of compound; (5) the compound use of ultrasonic and mechanical methods; (6) when used in combination of ultrasonic and chemical methods; (7) by ultrasonic cleaning in the first place, and then using (1) and (2) the composite of the two methods; 8) rinse only as control group. Not more than seven ways to clean for 30 consecutive days. Daily cleaning after soaking in distilled water. Using different cleaning methods applied to after polishing and dyeing processing of orthodontic retainer specimen, cleaner, surface structure and surface roughness of specimens before and after values shade value, obtained ideal cleaning method of orthodontic removable retainer.

Results: the surface roughness value and the control group Ra = [(0.0187 + 0.0058) mu m] compared to the other groups [Ra were 0.0837 + / - 0.0145, 0.0347 + / - 0.0252, 0.0412 + / - 0.0152, 0.0457 + / - 0.0252, 0.0554 + / - 0.0132, 0.0512 + / - 0.0212, 0.0263 + / - 0.0130, 0.0187 + / - 0.0058] roughness value increased significantly, which increased 5 groups of Ra value is significant, shows that using ultrasonic and mechanical methods of composite using clean way bigger to the wear and tear of the removable retainer. Pigment removal effect: the experimental group compared with control group (8), shade value difference is significant statistically significant; Set of 7 compared with other groups, the pigment removal effect has significant statistical significance.

Conclusion: different methods of clean cleaning effect have obvious difference of retainer. Ultrasonic cleaning after using the method of mechanical and chemical compound is better than other cleaning method.

Keywords: cleaning way; Orthodontic retainer. Roughness; Go to dyeing effect